Temperature influence on n mineralisation potential in different land uses in artvin, turkey

In this study, effects of different temperatures (10, 15 and 20°C) on N mineralisation po- tential were investigated in young spruce stands, old spruce stands with and without Rhododendron ponticum understory, and adjacent grasslands in the Genya mountain, Artvin, Turkey. Soil samples were taken from surface 0–15 cm soil depth and incubated in standard laboratory conditions (60% water holding capacity (WHC)) to determine mineralisation potential for 63 days period. Soil N mineralisation rates differed with temperature and vegetation type. Mineralisation potential at 10°C temperature was greater in spruce stands with Rh. ponticum understory (108.90 kg N/ha/63 days) than in the other sites. On the other hand, mineralisation potentials at 15 and 20°C were the greatest in grassland (103.51 kg N ha/63 days and 94.12 kg N ha/63 days) sites compared to other sites. There were positive correlation between N mineralisation potential and soil total nitrogen content (% and kg/ha) and negative correlation between N mineralisation potential and C/N rate

Effect of different land use on soil respiration in winter

The effect of different land uses on soil respiration was investigated in winter 2009 in black locust, grassland, apple orchard (apple trees and grass) and walnut areas in Seyitler Village, Artvin, Turkey. Soil respiration was measured in December by the soda-lime (NaOH, KOH) technique. Mean daily soil respiration ranged from 0.29 to 1.26 g C m-2 d-1 . Mean daily soil respiration in black locust was greater than the other areas. Soil respiration was different in the investigated four vegetation types. Established difference was non significant and correlations were negative among soil respiration, soil moisture and soil temperature. These results show that black locust has higher soil biological activity compared to the other areas in this season

Circular Pythagorean fuzzy sets and applications to multi-criteria decision making

In this paper, we introduce the concept of circular Pythagorean fuzzy set (value) (C-PFS(V)) as a new generalization of both circular intuitionistic fuzzy sets (C-IFSs) proposed by Atannassov and Pythagorean fuzzy sets (PFSs) proposed by Yager. A circular Pythagorean fuzzy set is represented by a circle that represents the membership degree and the non-membership degree and whose center consists of non-negative real numbers $\mu$ and $\nu$ with the condition $\mu^2+\nu^2\leq 1$. A C-PFS models the fuzziness of the uncertain information more properly thanks to its structure that allows modelling the information with points of a circle of a certain center and a radius. Therefore, a C-PFS lets decision makers to evaluate objects in a larger and more flexible region and thus more sensitive decisions can be made. After defining the concept of C-PFS we define some fundamental set operations between C-PFSs and propose some algebraic operations between C-PFVs via general $t$-norms and $t$-conorms. By utilizing these algebraic operations, we introduce some weighted aggregation operators to transform input values represented by C-PFVs to a single output value. Then to determine the degree of similarity between C-PFVs we define a cosine similarity measure based on radius. Furthermore, we develop a method to transform a collection of Pythagorean fuzzy values to a PFS. Finally, a method is given to solve multi-criteria decision making problems in circular Pythagorean fuzzy environment and the proposed method is practiced to a problem about selecting the best photovoltaic cell from the literature. We also study the comparison analysis and time complexity of the proposed method

Comparative anatomical and ecological investigations on some centaurea (asteraceae) taxa from Turkey and their taxonomic significance

This research was partly supported by the Research Fund of Artvin Coruh University, project No. 2011.F15.02.16The anatomical and ecological characteristics of 7 Centaurea L. s. l. taxa (C. urvillei DC. ssp. stepposa Wagenitz, C. pseudoreflexa Hayek, C. simplicicaulis Boiss. & Huet, C. pecho Albow, C. hypoleuca DC., C. cheiranthifolia Willd.var. purpurascens (DC.) Wagenitz, C. woronowii Bornm.), which three of them are endemic (C. pseudoreflexa, C. pecho, C. woronowii) to Turkey has been carried out. Cross sections of stem, leaf blade and midrib and peripheral sections of the leaves, and pH, total N, P, K and organic matter contents of soil samples have been investigated. Variance analysis and Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test were performed on ecological and anatomical data. Ecological characteristics obtained in this investigation were found mostly similar. On the other hand, anatomically important differences were determined in diversity of anticlinal cell walls, length and width of abaxial epidermis, number of bundles in the midrib and number of stomata per mm(2) both on the epidermis of the leaf, and the shape of transverse section of stem. According to Tukey's Honest Significant Difference test, especially length and width of abaxial epidermis, number of stomata both on the adaxial and abaxial epidermises have displayed three distinct groups. These results are in accordance with sectional delimitation in the Flora of Turkey and also support upgrading the sum of species of the genus Centaurea

N mineralization potential under different land uses in Tutunculer in Artvin,Turkey

This study was conducted to investigate mineralization potensial of different land uses in the area of Tutunculer in Artvin in 2011. For this purposes, soil samples were taken from surface 0-15 cm depth in young scothpine stands, scothpine and spruce stand and adjacent grassland sites with similar parent material, slope and aspect. Samples were subjected to standard incubition technique in labratory conditions (60% MSK and 25 0C). Mineralization rate different significantly among sites. Nitrification rate higher in grassland sites compared to other sides (149.46 N kg/ha 63 day-1)

A multi criteria group decision making approach based on fuzzy measure theory to assess the different gene regions used in rodent species

Many mitochondrial and nuclear gene regions are used in phylogenetic and taxonomic studies to investigate the historical background of the species and to present the hierarchy of the species. In this paper, we consider the problem of proposing a favorable gene region that determines the diversification of rodent species as a multi criteria group decision making problem. We use fuzzy measure theory and fuzzy integrals to get the results. We conclude with different fuzzy measures and fuzzy integral techniques that COI gene region which is preferred in animal barcoding studies is more favorable.Publisher's Versio